The Arthroscopy Procedure: A Step-by-Step Guide

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure in which a surgeon makes small incisions in the body and uses an arthroscope, a tiny camera with an attached light, to examine the inside of a joint. This procedure can be used for diagnostic purposes, as well as for repair or replacement of damaged joint tissue.

The arthroscopy procedure typically takes less than an hour to perform and is done on an outpatient basis. Here is a step-by-step guide to what to expect during the procedure.

Before the Procedure

Before the procedure, you will need to speak with your doctor about any medications or supplements you are taking. Some medications and supplements can affect your blood clotting or bleeding, which can be a risk factor during surgery.

You will also need to stop eating and drinking fluids for a certain period of time prior to the procedure. Your doctor will provide specific instructions regarding the timeframe, which may vary depending on the type of surgery you are having.

During the arthroscopy procedure, you will be given a local anesthetic to numb the area where the incisions will be made. The anesthetic will also help to relax you and reduce discomfort during the procedure.

Making the Incisions

The surgeon will make small incisions in the skin and soft tissue surrounding the joint, usually no larger than eight millimeters each. These incisions are typically made on the sides of the joint or behind the joint, where they are not easily visible.

After making the incisions, the surgeon will use special instruments to create a tunnel or space for the arthroscope to access the joint. The instruments include a cannula, which is a hollow tube, and a blunt-tipped incision cannula, which is used to dilate the incision and create a passage for the arthroscope and other instruments.

Inserting the Arthroscope

Once the arthroscope is inserted into the tunnel, the surgeon will manipulate the device to move it into the inside of the joint. The arthroscope will have a light and a lens that allow the surgeon to see the joint from the inside.

Once the arthroscope is inserted, the surgeon will examine the joint to look for any damage or abnormalities. Depending on what is found, the surgeon may then perform additional procedures, such as repairing damaged tissue or removing debris from the joint.

Closing the Incisions

After the arthroscopy procedure is finished, the surgeon will close the incisions using stitches or staples. The incisions will be dressed with sterile, adhesive bandages, which will help to protect them while they heal.

During the healing process, it is important to follow your doctor’s instructions for wound care and physical therapy. Your doctor may also recommend limiting your activities, such as avoiding high-impact exercises, in order to prevent any further damage to the joint.

Risks and Complications

Like any surgical procedure, arthroscopy carries some risks and potential complications. These may include bleeding, infection, and nerve or blood vessel damage.

Your doctor will discuss these risks with you in detail prior to the procedure, and will take steps to minimize them, such as using a sterile environment and monitoring vital signs closely.

If you do experience any complications after the procedure, your doctor may recommend additional testing or treatment, such as physical therapy or medication.

Conclusion

Arthroscopy is a safe and effective surgical procedure that can be used for a variety of joint-related conditions. By following your doctor’s instructions and practicing proper wound care, you can minimize the risk of complications and ensure a successful outcome from the procedure.